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COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF FORESTRY COMPETITIVENESS OF EUROPEAN MEMBER STATES
Abstract
Based on literature survey and M. Porter's diamond a system of internationally comparable indicators is substantiated, which characterizes the competitiveness of forestry at national level of fourteen European union (EU) member states. The indicators are as of 2022, and are: area of wooded land per capita; growing stock per hectare; net annual increment per hectare; roundwood removals under bark per hectare; output of forestry per hectare, labour productivity, net entrepreneurial income per hectare, gross fixed capital formation (GFCF) per hectare. By means of non-hierarchical cluster analysis the forestry of the fourteen EU member state are allocated into four homogeneous groups by level of competitiveness. Cluster 1, includes forestry of Italy and Portugal. The cluster is characterized with the lowest value of the cluster center from the four cluster and the highest value of the cluster center in terms of the indicator GFCF per hectare. Cluster 2, includes forestry of Bulgaria, Croatia, Czechia, Romania, Poland and Slovakia. The cluster is characterized with lowest values of the cluster centers of the variables GFCF and labour productivity. Cluster 3, includes forestry of Austria, France, Germany, Slovenia, Sweden. The cluster is on the second place by the value of the cluster centers of indicators GFCF per hectare and labour productivity. Cluster 4, includes only the forestry of Finland. The cluster is on the first place by the value of the cluster centers of the indicators area of wooded land per capita, net entrepreneurial income per hectare and labour productivity. On the grounds of the comparison between the different clusters are formulated recommendations for increasing the competitiveness of forestry.
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