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ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF YEAR-ROUND WASTE

V. Chelnokov

Abstract

Assessment of the environmental impact of year-round waste in roads. During winter a combination of deicing agents that consist of salt mixtures designed to reduce the slipperiness of road surfaces are used. These agents are found in both a solid state (bulk), and in liquid form (solutions). Solid chemical reagents are widespread in Russia, that are based on reactions of salts and solutions with precipitation, as a result of which the freezing point of water becomes lower than the natural one. Solid chemical reagents are most commonly used in Russia. Calcium and sodium chlorides, in pure form or their combination in a certain proportion, are often the basis of anti-icing agents. An experiment to determine the inhibition of growth and reproduction of higher plants under controlled conditions was conducted in order to identify the effect of anti-icing reagents on plants and soil. The experiment is conducted in accordance with ISO 22030:2005 "Soil quality. Biological methods. Chronic toxicity in higher plants?. This method is used to investigate chemical links using various concentrations of the tested substance in soil. In this experiment we used ?White mustard (lat. Sinapis alba)?. Plant seeds were planted in three vegetative pots with soil and in a controlled vegetative pot. The pots were placed under a phytolamp, allowing the necessary conditions for seed germination to be maintained. In the result of the experimental method 8 out of 10 seeds have germinated in each vegetative pot. Before the start of the experiment, solutions with different concentrations of the anti-icing agent were prepared. In the course of the experiment, 10ml of the anti-icing agent solution was added to the three vegetation vessels every day throughout the experiment. On the eighth day of the experiment, the plants in the vegetative pot which had the highest concentrations of anti-icing agents died. As a result of excessive amounts of chlorides in the soil from the anti-icing agents. There was an insufficient flow of water to plants, the stop of synthesis of vitamins and phytohormone, the chemical composition and change the pH. After this, we conducted a series of the same experiments with the addition of innovative drug "Pochvovit" (trademark number 559263), which reduces the soil salinity. This drug can be used for working a road strip in the composition of deicing materials with sodium chloride and calcium and/or for working of territories with green plantings in zones of man-made oppression made as a consequence of using anti-icing agents and materials with sodium chloride and calcium in liquid and solid compositions with the goal of neutralizing phytopathological effects of anti-icing agents and materials on the basis of compositions with sodium chloride.

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DOI resolver: doi.org/10.5593/sgem2019/3.2/s13.022

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