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SUSTAINABLE MATERIALS BASED ON NATURAL FIBRES - A STATE OF THE ART
Abstract
In the context of the increasing concern on controlling carbon emissions, global warming and in order to reduce energy consumption, buildings design must take into account the criteria of energy efficiency and the use of local renewable resources imposed by EU requirements for 2020. Thermal insulating materials based on natural fibers as building materials are increasingly being studied for their low environmental impact and availability. The present paper reviews the state of the art of research on the influence of these various natural and renewable resources in thermal insulating materials with natural fibers. This review, based on more than 30 major studies, coming from 2002-2017, included mostly the characterization of the thermal insulating materials with natural fibers, in terms of physical and mechanical characteristics. Density, total dry porosity, thermal conductivity, dry vapour resistance, water absorption coefficient, compressive strength and Young modulus are properties extensive studied in all the references. A lack of references on hygroscopic, hygrothermal and durability properties was observed. Future research orientations are thus suggested to develop and promote these types of sustainable materials, focused on the long time behavior of the natural fibers materials, proving the durability changes, in natural or artificial (laboratory) climate exposure. An optimization of the thermal insulation materials composed of easily renewable raw material resources is thus needed in order to obtain the most efficient material, thermally and mechanically.
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