Scholarly record
THE ACTION OF NITRIC ACID ON LIGNIN IN A WATER-DIMETHYL SULFOXIDE MIXTURE
Abstract
Lignin as a by-product of chemical or biochemical processing of wood is usually burned to generate energy. However, its use as a source of chemicals and materials is considered more promising. Treatment of lignin with nitric acid is used in practice for its depolymerization. In our study, we investigated the treatment of Klason lignin with mixtures of concentrated nitric acid with dimethyl sulfoxide of various compositions. The effect of such treatments was evaluated by UV-Visible spectrophotometry of alkaline solutions of the formed products. Klason lignin was completely dissolved in alkaline medium after its treatment at 100В°C for 10 min with mixtures of nitric acid with dimethyl sulfoxide of various compositions. Absorbance at 280 nm of the products in solutions decreased with an increase in the content of nitric acid in the initial reagent mixture that confirms a stronger degradation of lignin macromolecules. When the reaction mixture was diluted with distilled water there remained a residue, which was soluble only in the alkaline medium. The amount of the precipitate decreased with an increase in the content of nitric acid in the initial reagent mixture that may also be due to a stronger degradation of lignin macromolecules. The isolated precipitates were characterized by IR spectroscopy. IR spectra of the products have characteristic absorption bands of NO2 and C=O groups that confirms the processes of nitration and oxidation of lignin. The obtained effect of transforming the insoluble Klason lignin into a water-soluble form can be used to develop ways of hydrolysis lignin utilization.
Publication Impact Profile
Publication details
References14
Ralph J., Brunow G. Boerjan W., Lignins, Encyclopedia of Life Sciences, John Wiley & Sons, 2007, pp 1-10.
Beletskaya M.G., Bogdanovich N.I., The formation of adsorption properties of nanoporous materials by thermochemical activation, Russian Journal of Bioorganic Chemistry, vol. 40/issue 7, pp 721-725, 2014.
Keane A., Ghoshal S., Acid hydrolysis lignin as a sorbent for naphthalene, Water Quality Research Journal of Canada, vol. 36/issue 4, pp 719-735, 2001.
Kozhevnikov A.Y., Semushina M.P., Podrukhina E.A., Kosyakov D.S., Modification of hydrolysis lignin by hydrogen peroxide to obtain an effective adsorbent of highly toxic rocket fuel, Eurasian Chemico-Technological Journal, vol. 19/issue 2, pp 155-161, 2017.
Xu X., Zhou J., Jiang L., Lubineau G., Payne S.A., Gutschmidt D., Lignin-based carbon fibers: Carbon nanotube decoration and superior thermal stability, Carbon, vol. 80/issue 1, pp 91-102, 2014.
Qiao W., Li S., Guo G., Han S., Ren S., Ma Y., Synthesis and characterization of phenol-formaldehyde resin using enzymatic hydrolysis lignin, Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, vol. 21, pp 1417-1422, 2015.
Ferdosian F., Yuan Z., Anderson M., Xu C.C., Synthesis and characterization of hydrolysis lignin-based epoxy resins, Industrial Crops and Products, vol. 91, pp 295-301, 2016.
Krutov S.M., Ipatova E.V., Kosyakov D.S., Shkaeva N.V., Korotkova E.M., Pranovich A.V., Willför S., Lignopolyurethane foam based on hydrolytic lignin, Russian Journal of Applied Chemistry, vol. 89/issue 1, pp 155-159, 2016.
Hidajat M.J., Riaz A., Park J., Insyani R., Verma D., Kim J., Depolymerization of concentrated sulfuric acid hydrolysis lignin to high-yield aromatic monomers in basic sub- and supercritical fluids, Chemical Engineering Journal, vol. 317, pp 9-19, 2017.
Xu C., Ferdosian F., Degradation of Lignin by Depolymerization, Conversion of Lignin into Bio-Based Chemicals and Materials, Green Chemistry and Sustainable Technology, Springer-Verlag GmbH, Germany, 2017, pp 35-54.
Zhang J., Chen G., Yang N.-W., Wang Y.-G., Preparation of nitration-oxidation lignosulfonate as an eco-friendly drilling fluid additive, Petroleum Science and Technology, vol. 32/issue 14, pp 1661-1668, 2014.
Ding Z., Li F., Wen J., Wang X., Sun R., Gram-scale synthesis of single-crystalline graphene quantum dots derived from lignin biomass, Green Chemistry, vol. 20/issue 6, pp 1383-1390, 2018.
Khabarov Y.G., Lakhmanov D.E., Kosyakov D.S., Ul’yanovskii N.V., Studies of reaction products of hydrolytic lignin with nitric acid, Russian Chemical Bulletin, vol. 65/issue 1, pp 237-244, 2016.
Maekawa E., Ichizawa T., Koshijima T., An evaluation of the acid-soluble lignin determination in analyses of lignin by the sulfuric acid method, Journal of Wood Chemistry and Technology, vol. 9/issue 4, pp 549-567, 1989.
View or Download full articleAccess options
SWS access login
Login as SWS Scientific CommitteeLogin as SWS Scientific PartnerLogin as SWS AuthorAuthors and approved SWS contributors will read and export their own linked papers after identity matching by SWS profile, email and SGEM GlobalID.
For librarian assistance: [email protected]
Purchase Instant Access
- Article can be downloaded after successful payment.
- Article may be used according to SWS library access terms.
- Article cannot be redistributed.
