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MAXIMUM FLOWS OF RIVERS IN THE CENTRAL DANUBE PLAIN
Abstract
The present material demonstrates appliance of regional studies on the area of Central Danube Plain in Bulgaria for determination the characteristic maximum flows at nonobserved river sections with focusing on for flood risk areas. River flow is characterized by annual variability in maximum runoff caused by climatic factors and anthropogenic impacts. For this reason, in most cases, information from hydrometric stations cannot be used directly. One of the main tasks of hydrological research is the transfer of information from observed river sections to unobservable ones based on the recorded flows from the monitoring network. In the present study, the statistical maximum estimates used are the time series of annual maximum flows for the period 1961-2018, which are composed of instantaneous absolute values of the maximum runoff recorded within one calendar year for each hydrometric station. For the adopted period, there are complete time series of annual maximums for almost all stations in the country, which ensures comparability of results. The used regionalization approach is based on the correlation between the specific flows (in this case the annual maximums for the hydrometric stations) and one of the main characteristics of the catchments. These links are established after detailed analysis and justification. The regression relationship used is proven to be appropriate for determining maximum runoff at non monitored stations in multiple developments. For further refinement and analysis of the regression relationships, information from closed and frozen stations from the hydrometric network was used with shorter rows but providing additional clarity for areas with fewer hydrometer stations. Regional studies were conducted for the area of the central Danube Plain, where three large watersheds are located - the Vit, Ossam and Yantra. All available hydrological information at the National Institute of Meteorology and Meteorology has been used to estimate the characteristic maximum flows at the gauging stations and afterwards their spreading at non-observed sections. The material is illustrated with maps and graphics of the hydrological zones and regional relationships in the three river systems.
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References9
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