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MICROMORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF SALT-AFFECTED SOILS FROM THE BAIKAL REGION OF RUSSIA
Abstract
Micromorphological features of salt-affected soils in the Cis-Baikal and Trans-Baikal regions (south of East Siberia, Russia) are considered. When studying morphogenesis of these soils, pedofeatures of soluble salts and gypsum serve as indicators of modern and former stages of soil formation. Comparative-geographical, micromorphological, and chemical methods have been applied to study soil salinization. Chemical analyses attest to the presence of gypsum and soluble salts in solonchaks of both regions. However, they do not allow us to judge the direction of modern soil salinization processes. Micromorphological method makes it possible to specify the genesis of salt pedofeatures. When comparing microfabrics of solonchaks in the Cis-Baikal and Trans-Baikal regions, the features attesting to their different geneses have been identified. Thus, in the solonchak from the Priolkhonye area (Cis-Baikal region), gypsum pedofeatures were formed during previous stages of soil formation and are now subjected to destruction. At the same time, the accumulation of soluble salts is still active in this soil. Analysis of the microstructure of the soil profile of the meadow-marsh saline soil of Transbaikalia showed the presence of both processes currently underway - both gypsum formation and salt accumulation in the soil profile.
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