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SMALL-SCALE COAL MINES IN HARD-TO-REACH REGIONS OF YAKUTIA: THE PROBLEMS OF CREATION AND EXPLOITATION
Abstract
This article presents the analysis of the existing schemes of mining, logistics and consumption of fuel in North Yakutia which ones are form technological chains unique in complexity of management. This is due to negative impact of a large number of analyzed factors. The general trend is towards to reduction of coal consumption in hard-to-reach regions. Therefore, local coal deposits near the key points of consumption are not developed. Geotechnical and economic indicators of small-scale coal mines are generally lower than large open-pits and underground mines. There are contradictions between coal mines and consuming enterprises, in particular, the quality of the coal does not fully meet the requirements of buyers. The determined reasons for this situation tends to the necessity of more fully investigate these issues. The goal is to identify the most appropriate solutions with a constant effect of cost-increasing factors. Solving the needs for coal in most remote regions is possible as for existing high-cost, difficult and unreliable scheme so as with use the new proposed one. It is based on the concept of creation of new local coal deposits near the key points of consumption. The need is justified and В«micro small-scale open-pit mineВ» category is included for coal companies of the region. The article presents a set of geotechnical criteria and boundary conditions. They orient such small scale mines for resource efficient, technical and technological possible, economically acceptable and ecology effective development of coal deposits. The article shows that additional synergy may be as a result of immediate horizontal and vertical integration of small-scale open-cuts in the coal supply chain to consumers. The development of local deposits is one of the directions of increase of energy security of hard-to-reach northern area of Yakutia and support of their economic and social development.
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