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FLAMMABILITY PROPERTIES DETERMINATION OF AVIATION RELATED FLUIDS
Abstract
The hydraulic systems used in the aviation industry use pressurized fluids that transmit energy to various driving systems of the aircraft (hydraulic motors, cylinders or hydraulic actuators). It is known that hydraulic fluids, along with the fuels used, present a potential risk of fire, which can lead to damages or the loss of the aircraft, often with very serious consequences. At the same time, in the event of a plane fire after the crash, hydraulic fluids can be an additional fuel source. For these reasons, the hydraulic oils currently used in aeronautics must meet strict specifications regarding the flash and fire temperature points, self-ignition temperature, spontaneous ignition, mist / spray fire behavior, etc. Their properties related to fire resistance can be altered in the event of their contamination with fuels, thus contributing to malfunctions and serious aeronautical accidents. Hydraulic fluids used in the aviation industry are special fluids with fire resistance properties that contain a relatively large number of potentially toxic chemicals, including organophosphate compounds, which, unlike mineral oils based hydraulic fluids, have a high ignition temperature. Exposed to a temperature higher than 180 °C, they can support the combustion, but their self-ignition point is generally higher than 450 °C. The purpose of this study was to characterize in terms of flammability two samples of liquids used in aviation (fuel and hydraulic oils), in order to determine their ignition capacity in contact with the hot surfaces of dialuminium material.
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