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INFLUENCE OF PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF SOILS ON THE TRACE METALS ACCUMULATION IN THE EUROARCTIC REGION
Abstract
The Arctic is one of the regions in the world where nature has been preserved in its original form. But at the same time it is the most environmentally vulnerable region. And in recent decades, anthropogenic influence has been enhancing due to interest in this territory. Focal economic development is characteristic of the high-latitude Arctic. It leads to the formation of local pollution sources and other types of negative environmental impact. In this regard, the study of soil characteristics is an important objective. The article discusses the main physicochemical properties of different types Euro-Arctic soils. The interrelation and influence on the trace metals accumulation are presented. 46 soil samples collected from the territories of archipelago Novaya Zemlya, Franz Josef Land, Kolguev Island, Vaigach Island. The following physicochemical parameters were determined: actual, exchange, hydrolytic acidity, amount of absorbed bases, cation exchange capacity, degree of base saturation. The chemical analysis was carried out with the use of modern instrumental methods and certified methods. The total content of trace metals (Pb, Zn, Cu, Fe, Mn, Cr, V, Ti, Sr) was determined by the X-ray fluorescence analysis method. The data were processed by the standard methods of mathematical statistics. For all the analyses, differences were considered significant at the level of p < 0.05. The data analysis showed that the studied soils are neutral or acidic in varying degrees. Only the Small Oran Island soils are alkaline, which is due to the bird bazaars. Bird droppings alkalize the soil significantly. The soils have a low amount of absorbed bases and a low cation exchange capacity with a high degree of soil bases saturation. Correlation analysis of physicochemical parameters showed direct link between pH, the amount of absorbed bases and the degree of bases saturation, but reverse link with the hydrolytic acidity. The correlation between other parameters has not been found. A correlation between the physicochemical parameters and the total content of trace metals showed that the pH, the cation exchange capacity and the degree of bases saturation are the most significant factors in metals accumulation.
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