GEOMECHANICAL MONITORING OF A ROCK MASS IN AREAS OF GEOLOGIC FAILURES

Zhuravkov M.A. Deforming processes and failure processes in block-layered mas- sif. // Int. symp. on deformation and progressive failure in geomechanics. Nagoya. Japan. 1997.

Zhuravkov M.A., Smuchnic A.D. The design of geomonitoring systems. Minsk . Pub. by BelABG, 1997. 189 p.

Zhuravkov M.A., Andreyko S.S., Martunenko M.D. The system of geomechanical moni-toring for block-layered massif of salt rock.// Mine planning and equipment selection'95. Ed. by Singhal. Balkema, Rotterdam. Brook-field., 1995. P .1109-1113 that all enumerated in the population with maximum information is enveloped by all most essential legs and stages of development of processes preparing dynamic fail- ure and resulting in it. In the majority the zone of dynamic failure differs on the physical param- eters and characteristics from of others strata. Therefore, on various physical fields (seismic, electromagnetic, gravitational etc.) it is possible to map zones of dynamic failures, and on their modifications, in the specially chosen places, and complex - comparative data processing - to judge approaching events. Let's consider dynamic failures dated for extended geologic failures such as faults. Among exploratory methods at analysis of a possibility of origin of closed zones of dynamic failures dated for faults, the conducting role belongs to seismic methods, and, first of all, to deep seismic exploration. Search methods are the remote methods: satellite, aerogeophysical and ground from mobile carriers, less often - foot, routing and squaring. The mapping of regional heterogeneities of earth crust presumably con- nected to potential zones of origin of dynamic failures, is fulfilled by the most acces- sible methods of magnetic prospecting, electrical exploration, of air photography etc. At small heights the basic methods are electrical exploration.

Movements of rock masses in area of large-scale mining operations As is known, the influence on rock strata and surface of a underground extraction of a deposit of mineral resources can be subdivided on direct (subsidence of a surface from an extraction of rocks), indirect (accompanying immediate straight, which reflect modifications in water balance in region, in a condition and properties of a rock mass, geoengineering modifications in earthen engineering buildings etc.) and secondary action (is exhibited as outcome of secondary activization of deform- ing processes owing to operation of a deposit, having for a long time in the past, owing to rock bumps, pushes, "technogeny earthquakes" etc.). For analysis of secondary actions it is necessary to execute of monitoring research, in which basis the geodesic observations lay. For these purposes the following pop- ulations of sets should be organized: · Local triangle control set; · Exact leveling set; International Conference