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POSSIBILITIES AND CONDITIONS OF DESALTING DRILLING WASTE
Abstract
Salinity of drilling waste is a serious problem, and it is one of the biggest problems at the stage of selecting drilling waste utilization method. The high salinity of drilling waste results from a few causes, i.e. the use of drilling fluids (inorganic salts are commonly used as drilling fluids components) in the process of drilling, drilling in saline formations and also brine inflowing to the well. The investigations carried out on drilling waste has shown that their soluble salts of alkali metals in the form of chlorides, sulfates, hydrogen carbonates and carbonates occurring in above standard quantities are contaminants hazardous for the soil-water environment. Preventing or at least limiting a penetration of salts from drilling waste into the soil-water environment should be a priority issue as an excess of salts considerably affects ion equilibria in the sorption complex and cell metabolism of plants. Many metabolic processes, such as activity of enzymes, synthesis of proteins, activity of mitochondria and chloroplasts become disturb under saline conditions. The results of a feasibility analyses of drilling waste desalination through aqueous extraction are presented in the paper. The obtained extracts are aqueous solutions of mineral salts, mainly sodium chloride and potassium chloride. Owing to the high content of potassium salts, the NaCl and KCl were separated through crystallization.
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