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BIODEGRADABLE POLYMER COMPOSITE MATERIALS WITH HIGH MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
Abstract
Nowadays, along with creating materials with enhanced mechanical characteristics, it became important in the light of ecological problems, to design eco-friendly materials capable to disappear with time after fulfilling functions, in other words to develop biodegradable mechanically strong materials. The chemistry and technology of biodegradable polymers is one of the most important and rapidly developing fields of modern polymer science. A lot of biodegradibel polymers (BPs) were created mostly for medical applications as surgical materials and drug delivery systems. Only rare of the BPs posses mechanical characteristics suitable for constructive materials. Among such kind of strong biodegradable materials are poly(ester urea)s (PEUs) composed of naturally occuring ?-amino acids. It was shown that the PEUs possess outstanding mechanical characteristic up to 6.1±1.1 GPa. These are the first degradable polymeric constructs with moduli in the range of 6.0 GPa, which is substantially higher than the moduli of other, commercially available biodegradable polyesters including tyrosine derived polycarbonates (?1-2 GPa), poly(L-lactic acid) (?3-3.5 GPa), and poly(propylene fumarate) (2.2 GPa). The article discusses the production of a polymer matrix, its biodegradation, and the polymer composite’s production method using the existing matrix. Polymer matrix consists of the mixture of two different polymers whose optimum concentration has been selected. Matrix degradation had been studied under natural and laboratory conditions by using natural soil and mushroom compost respectively. The stability of the matrix in response to different pH values was evaluated by the water analysis method – using the spectrophotometer. The method involved the determination of total organic carbon (TOC) concentration obtained by polymer degradation in an acidic environment. The final polymer composite was produced by using various fabric. The resulting composite was tested for explosion resistance.
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References5
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