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MACROMYCETES OF BEECH FOREST IN MTIRALA NATIONAL PARK, GEORGIA
Abstract
This review provides an overview of the diversity of macromycetes (fungi with visible fruiting bodies) in Mtirala national park beech forests, highlighting their ecological roles and significance within these ecosystems. Mtirala National Park is a protected area in Adjara region, Western Georgia. It is part of the Colchic Rainforests and Wetlands, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Mtirala National Park Colchic broad-leaved and mixed forests include sweet chestnut and Oriental beech woods. Mount Mtirala is one of the most humid areas in the country. The fungal community in beech forests encompasses a wide range of taxa, including edible mushrooms, wood-decay fungi, mycorrhizal associates, and decomposers. Hypsizygus tessellatus (Beech Mushroom), Armillaria mellea (Honey Fungus), and Fomes fomentarius (Tinder Fungus) are among the common species found in these forests, contributing to nutrient cycling and decomposition processes. Furthermore, mycorrhizal fungi such as Ganoderma spp. (Reishi Mushrooms) and Phellinus spp. (Cracked-cap Polypore) form symbiotic relationships with beech trees, enhancing their nutrient uptake and overall health. The presence of Laetiporus sulphureus (Chicken of the Woods) and Xylaria polymorpha (Dead Man's Fingers) on decaying wood further highlights the dynamic interactions between fungi and their substrates in beech forests. Understanding the diversity and ecological roles of macromycetes in beech forests is crucial for conservation efforts and sustainable forest management practices. Continued research into these fungi will provide valuable insights into the functioning and resilience of beech forest ecosystems in the face of environmental changes and anthropogenic disturbances.
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