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INTEGRATED MICROCLIMATE MONITORING FOR ASSESSMENT OF VINEYARD ECOSYSTEM RESILIENCE TO CLIMATE EXTREMES
Abstract
Climate change intensifies concurrent drought and heat stress in viticulture across Central Europe. This study assessed vineyard ecosystem stress using integrated multi-parameter monitoring over 31 months (May 2023 November 2025; n=43,763 observations). A composite Ecosystem Stress Index (ESI) integrating Vapor Pressure Deficit (30%), depth-weighted soil water availability (40%), and soil temperature gradient (30%) was developed. The year 2023 exhibited healthy baseline (mean ESI=0.1375; only 1 stress day). The year 2024 represented optimal conditions (mean ESI=0.1304; global minimum 0.073). The year 2025 showed normal conditions interrupted by extreme July event (peak ESI=0.5675; +193% above baseline; driven by temperature +17.4 C anomaly and VPD maximum 5.248 kPa). Despite approaching critical 0.6 threshold, deep soil reserves (FTSW at 100 cm remaining 0.48 0.79) provided essential buffering, preventing ecosystem failure. All years-maintained functionality below critical threshold with rapid recovery (less than 30 days). Deep soil hydrological buffering emerged as key resilience mechanism. This approach successfully captured drought-heat interactions and provides a framework for adaptive vineyard management in climate-variable environments.
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References14
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