Scholarly record
EVALUATION OF THE AGRO-ECOLOGICAL POTENTIAL OF RACHA-LECHKHUMI - KVEMO SVANETI REGION (GEORGIA) AND ZONING OF CROPS
Abstract
The evaluation of the agro-ecological potential of Racha-Lechkhumi - Kvemo Svaneti region will allow using the weather and climatic conditions efficiently making it possible to grow and develop the crops efficiently and gain rich harvest. Consequently, the data of long-term (60-year-long) meteorological observations were treated and analyzed and used as the basis to calculate and evaluate the principal agro-climatic indices (sums of active temperatures (>10?C), atmospheric precipitations (mm), relative air humidity (%), air humidity deficit (MB), duration of frost-free period (day) and hydrothermal coefficient (HTC). These characteristics in the given region are favorable for the crops to grow and develop (cereals, vegetable, vine, etc.), particularly up to 400-800 m above sea level. At higher altitudes, the area of crops is limited, but winter and spring wheat, barley and oats grow well. A regression equation to fix the date of transfer of the air temperature above 10?C in the vegetation period is deduced. The weather phenomena threatening the branch of agriculture in the given region (such as frosting, hail, drought and strong winds) and their occurrence at different altitudes above sea level are described. The seasonality and intensity of the mentioned phenomena are identified as well. In particular, a regression equation to fix the first days of expected frostings (the first and last frostings) is deduced. By considering the sums of active temperatures depending on vertical zoning, there are 4 agro-ecological zones identified with the areas of prospective crops.
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