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ESTIMATION OF BLACK CARBON CONCENTRATION IN FINE PARTICULATE MATER IN URBAN AERA
Abstract
Black Carbon (BC) is one of the most significant ingredient of atmospheric fine particle matter which is a global climate, air quality and human health concern. A precise and accurate determination of both the concentration and source contribution of BC in air particulate samples is very important and can provide key information for environmental management regulators and researchers. BC is typically formed through the incomplete combustion of fossil fuels, biofuel, and biomass, and is emitted in anthropogenic and naturally occurring soot [1, 2]. This work presents a first study in Bulgaria on BC estimation in urban fine particulate matter (PM2.5). For evaluation of mass absorption coefficient (?) and black carbon concentrations in PM2.5 samples, the Multi-wavelength Absorption Black instrument (MABI) is used [3]. This instrument measures light absorption at seven different wavelengths, spanning ultraviolet to infrared (405nm, 465nm, 525nm, 639nm, 870nm, 940nm and 1050nm) which gives possibilities to differentiate the contributions from sources such as biomass burning (BCbb or BrC) and motor vehicles-traffic (BCtr). A methodology for the analysis of BC is developed. The MABI was applied to obtain BC concentration in ??2.5 samples from filed campaign organized from June 2018 to June 2019 in Sofia. The comparisons between PM2.5 mass and Black Carbon concentrations are presented and discussed. The PM2.5 concentrations vary from 8.2 ?g.m-3 to 161.8 ?g.m-3. High correlation between PM2.5 and BCtr concentrations are obtained (R2=0.87), suggesting domination of traffic contribution to PM2.5 concentration. The range of BCtr concentration is 0.4 ?g.m-3 - 16.6 ?g.m-3. The BrC concentrations are also calculated. The BrC varies 0.003 ?g.m-3 -1.8 ?g.m-3. It is found that 10% of the PM2.5 mass is consisted from BCtr and only 1.3 % is BrC. Variations in BCtr and BrC concentration with in different meteorological conditions are also presented.
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References3
WHO, J. N., Gerlofs-Nijland, M., Lanki, T., Salonen, R., and Cassee, F. , 2012. Health Effects of Black Carbon, Bonn: WHO Regional Office for Europe, The WHO European Centre for Environment and Health.
Mousavi, A., Sowlat, M.H., Lovett, C., Rauber, M., Szidat, S., Boffi, R., Borgini,A., De Marco, C., Ruprecht, A.A., Sioutas, C., Source apportionment of black carbon (BC) from fossil fuel and biomass burning in metropolitan Milan, Italy, Atmospheric Environment, DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2019.02.009.
Coenh D., Ghassan Taha, Ed Stelcer, David Garton, Gail Box, 2000 The Measurement and Sources of Fine Particle Elemental, 15th International Clean Air Conf. 27-30 November 2000, Sydney, Australia
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Number of times cited according to Crossref: 1
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