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APPLICABILITY OF RAINFALL-RUNOFF MODELS TO THE CONDTIONS OF RIVER RUNOFF IN BULGARIA
Abstract
Applicability of rainfall-runoff models to the river conditions in temperate climate is tested. Different deterministic models were examined with distributed and semi-distributed parameters. Finally, two models have been selected from US Army Corps of Engineers - Hydrologic Engineering Centre: HEC-GeoHydrological Modeling System (HEC-GeoHMS) and HEC-Hydrological Modeling System (HEC-HMS). Hydrological study for selected Bulgarian watershed is presented. The populated and urbanized area of Yantra River basin is considered. Evaluated watershed belongs to Danube river basin directorate in Bulgaria. The HEC-GeoHMS gives the possibility to visualize river basins and to obtain preliminary parameters and characteristics of the streams and the watershed as a whole. Next step is the rainfall-runoff modeling. HEC-HMS is a deterministic model and it is suitable for modeling of dendritic watershed. From monitoring network of the National Institute of Meteorology and Hydrology the historical data set was secured. Data available (daily discharges and precipitation sums, air temperature) are for the period 1985-2005. The so-called Yantra model was created and the model parameters optimization was done. In our study a 10-year long observation period for calibration and a 10-year long observation period for verification were used on a daily time step. Long term runoff simulation was performed. For inter annual simulations different years were selected according to water availabilities: extremely wet, wet, normal, dry and very dry water years. The HEC-HMS model is applicable and was successfully adapted for Bulgarian geographic, climatic and hydrologic conditions. As a next step, Yantra model forecast mode was prepared for short term runoff forecast. Obtained results are presented and discussed.
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References15
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