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FROM PHOTOGRAMMETRICAL DOCUMENTATION TO VIRTUAL RECONSTRUCTION AND OBJECT REPLICATION

Karel Pavelka

Abstract

In the last decade, the rapid development of computers and sophisticated software in image capturing and processing brought on the development of automated object documentation methods. Documentation methods like 3D scanning or photogrammetric technology called image-based modelling and rendering (IBMR) or SfM (Structure from Motion) have become common methods and give us the possibility to create a real 3D model of objects. It is important in archaeology for findings documentation and visualization, and in cultural heritage and restoration of historical objects. The archaeological research is usually carried out in far away locations, very often in foreign countries. There is a problem with the findings ? it is not possible to transport these artifacts to the home institution for further research or for exhibiting findings in a museum. Findings are typically in the form of fragments that are incomplete. Fragments in the form of cullets are very common. It is not usually possible to exhibit them, and lengthy descriptions are needed. Classical reconstruction of an object from fragments is rarely done due to high labor intensity and is time consuming; it is appropriate for significant findings only. Nowadays, there are other methods for visualization and reconstruction of findings ? they are the virtual reconstruction and 3D printing (rapid prototyping) technologies.

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