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STUDY OF THE INFLUENCE OF ANTHROPOGENIC INTERVENTIONS IN ECOSYSTEMS OF SHALLOW WATER BODIES ON THEIR OVERGROWTH BY HIGHER AQUATIC VEGETATION
Abstract
The long-term response of aquatic vegetation of shallow freshwater ecosystems to the anthropogenic impacts (water level changes, pollution by heavy metals) was studied in 1999-2018 at two water bodies of Leningrad region, Russia: the Rakovye lakes and Neva bay of the Gulf of Finland, the Baltic Sea. The researches included the analysis of satellite images from 1970 to 2018, and the study of the characteristics of the aquatic plants of different ecological groups (halophytes, floating and submerged plants) -the spatial distribution, the primary production and the accumulation of heavy metals in different species. The water level decrease caused the specific succession dynamic with 3 main stages of overgrowing process. The increase of water level leads to the changes in the aquatic vegetation structure and primary production at all studied ecological groups. The reactions and role of individual species vary at different stages of adaptation to changes. The inflow of heavy metals into the ecosystems of the overgrown reservoirs leads to their accumulation in aquatic vegetation, which differs between aquatic plants species and ecological groups.
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