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PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS OF VERTICALLY AND HORIZONTALLY ACQUIRED GENES RESPONSIBLE FOR SALT TOLERANCE OF NITROGEN-FIXING ?-PROTEOBACTERIA
Abstract
Symbiotic nitrogen fixation is the most environmentally friendly method for the accumulation of biologically bound nitrogen. Nitrogen fixation is carried out by bacteria, including from the class of ?-proteobacteria. Global climate changes lead to an increase of agricultural areas subjected to salinity. Current knowledge about the effect of high-salt stress on nitrogen-fixing symbiotic ?-proteobacteria has the appearance of a puzzle. The genetic mechanisms determining salt tolerance have been studied in the most detailed and integral manner on E. coli. They represent a system of genes coding for proteins involved in the stages of primary and secondary responses to salt stress. Similar data for the nitrogen-fixing representatives of ?-proteobacteria are scattered, "puzzled" in nature. The aim of our research was to analyze the copy number, origin and phylogenetic relatedness of the homologous groups of genes from symbiotic nitrogen fixing ?-proteobacteria, encoded their salt tolerance by complete sequencing data analysis. The objective of our research was a comparative phylogenetic analysis of nitrogen-fixing ?-proteobacteria genes encoding aquaporins (aqp), potassium accumulation (kup, kdp, and trk) which are responsible for salt shock tolerance and genes determining emissions (kef) and accumulation of osmoprotectants (tre, ots, opu/cho, pro, bet) involved in prolonged salt stress. The analysis was done on a group of 51 strains belonged to 9 genera (Sinorhizobium spp., Rhizobium spp., Bradyrhizobium spp., Agrobacterium spp., Chelativorans spp., Devosia spp., Brucella spp., Azospirillum spp. and Azorhizobium spp.).
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