Scholarly record

ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORINGOF SMALL RIVERS OF THE MOSCOW REGION (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE RIVER OSETR)

В.А. Широкова

Abstract

Small rivers play an important role in the development of the hydrographic network and are tributaries of basin-forming rivers. Usually, it is shallow, which largely exposes them to the high impact of anthropogenic load. Anthropogenic pressure on water resources, especially in the Moscow and Moscow region, reached a rather significant level in this period. A critical situation occurs during the low water period, when the rivers switch to groundwater feeding and their runoff becomes minimal. With the formation of runoff, hydrologic and hydrochemical indicators of water change dramatically - discharges of sewage in populated areas and industrial plants cause great damage to the ecology of the river, and the possibility of dilution and the ability to self-purify water decrease. The reason for the attention to the quality of water resources is that various disturbances in their composition have an impact on the surrounding soils, on the development of flora and fauna, and on the health of people who use it to produce fresh water. The main sources of pollution of the river are: industrial enterprises, communal services, agricultural lands, transport, whose effluents are not sufficiently purified and contain a wide range of pollutants.

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