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THERMOPHILIC MICROORGANISMS AS AN INDICATOR OF SOIL MICROBIOLOGICAL CONTAMINATION IN ANTIQUITY AND AT THE PRESENT TIME
Abstract
The study of soils in the vicinity of medieval settlement that has only one stage of anthropogenic impact at 5-8th centuries AD was established. For comparison, fertilized soils within the modern rural household were investigated. In order to study the microbiological properties of the soils in either case, series of soil pits were made at different distances from the settlement: in the area of regular manuring, in the area of episodic fertilization and in undisturbed areas. The determination of the number of thermophilic bacteria was performed using the plate counting method. From the date obtained, it was established that around the modern rural household in the regularly fertilized soils, the number of thermophilic microorganisms significantly exceeded the background level. The same pattern in the change in the number of thermophilic microorganisms was found in the soils near ancient settlement. A decrease in the number of thermophilic bacteria in the soils with the distance from the settlement was shown. Their high number indicates the duration and extent of manure usage in agricultural practice in the Middle Ages. A significant increase in the number of thermophiles can be observed only under regular application of cattle manure, composts and other self-heating organic materials.
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