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COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE SURFACE WATER ENVIRONMENTAL STATUS

lena Mitryasova

Abstract

Currently the problem of surface water quality is relevant and requires urgent solution. There is an intensive growth of rivers? water using those results in deterioration of water quality and hydrological regime. In the conditions of the Mykolaiv region (Ukraine) local water resources are limited. The present situation is aggravated by anthropogenic pollution of surface and groundwater by utilities and agrarian sector. Monitoring surveys of surface water quality are an important tool for environmental assessment of their condition. Purpose is environmental assessment of the surface water by hydrochemical indicators. Objects are the river Synyukha, Bug Estuary, Mykolaiv region, Ukraine. Subject of research are hydrochemical indicators ????? of the Synyukha river and Bug estuary which are risk factors. Method is the methodology of environmental assessment for the relevant categories was developed by the Ukrainian Research Institute of Environmental Problems of the Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources of Ukraine on the basis of the legislation of Ukraine and the Water Code. Monitoring data were processed using software MS Excel. Results. On the basis of the temporal and spatial monitoring data analysis an assessment of the environmental status was made for the Synyukha river water. The environmental assessment was carried out taking into the integral indicators covering hydrochemical data. Also, a comparative assessment of the integral indicators of an environmental status of the Bug estuary and the river Synyukha was conducted. The following indicators were chosen for the environmental status: Ior ? oxygen regime; Ioc ? index of organic matter content (BOD, COD); Iti ? index of general indicators (pH, suspended matter, etc.); Ibc ? index of biogenic compounds content (phosphates); Is ? indices of salt composition (chlorides and sulfates); ITS ? pollution index of tropho-saprobiological indicators; It ? the index of specific indicators such as toxic and radiation (Strontium-90). It has been established that the quality of water is "good" - (0.82-0.62), which corresponds to the 2nd grade of quality. Water in the Synyukha river is suitable for household drinking water supply. At the same time the water quality class of the Bug estuary is "low" (poor), the value of the environmental quality index falls within the range to 0.40-0.20 (4 class of environmental water quality). Measures to be implemented in order to optimize the usage of natural resources: to reduce the volume of discharges, to form of water protection zones, to change the structure of agricultural lands.

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DOI resolver: doi.org/10.5593/sgem2019/6.1/s24.013

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