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LEGUME AND GRASS BIOMASS AS AN ALTERNATIVE SUBSTRATE FOR BIOGAS PRODUCTION - THEORETICAL METHANE YIELD
Abstract
Biogas production and its use in biogas plants presents established technology with the aim of production of renewable energy and also using organic residues with different origin. The main goal of this work was to analyse potential legume and grass crops in methane production as an alternative to corn silage. Ten different crops within individual variants were chosen as a potential source of biomass for biogas production: Medicago sativa L. (two varieties), Trifolium pannonicum L., Galega orientalis L., Lolium perenne L. (two varieties), Festulolium Perseus, Dactylis glomerate L., Festulolium perseus, Dactylis glomerata L. These crops were grown in 2015 and 2016. The yield of biomass (fresh and solid) and qualitative parameter of silage (proteins, fibre, ADF, NDF, starch, polysaccharide, lignin) were determined after each harvest. The results of fibre, proteins, lipids and polysaccharide content were used for calculation of theoretical methane yield (TMY). It was shown that there are significant differences in yield, qualitative parameters of silage and TMY. TMY was expressed in two ways, as m3 of methane per ha or kg of solid. The significantly highest (P = 0.05) TMY per ha (2 888 m3/ha) was found in variant with legume crop (Medicago sativa L., variety Holyna) and the lowest (357 m3/ha) in variant with grass (Lolium perenne L.). Even leguminosae were detected with the highest TMY in 1 kg of dry matter in comparison with grass. Methane was produced with yield of 0.19, 0.21 and 0.21 m3 of methane per kg of solid in Trifolium pannonicum L. (Hungarian clover), Medicago sativa L.(Alfalfa, variety Holyna and Tereza). It could be concluded that all tested leguminosaerepresent more satisfactory possible materials for biogas production in comparison withselected species of grasses.
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