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IMPROVING THE PROPERTIES OF CAST IRON MADE FROM STEEL SCRAP BY TI ALLOYING

Peter Futáš

Abstract

Synthetic cast iron was introduced into production 60 years ago, just after the development and production of medium and low-frequency high-capacity of induction furnaces (1 to 20 tonnes). This allowed the production of a wide range of cast iron, especially alloyed. Another significant effect was the increase in the portion of steel scrap up to 100% and, in particular, the reduction of the consumption of deficient and costly pig iron. Its price is up to twice as high as steel scrap. In the long time, the negative impact of steel in the charge is known to have multiple gray cast iron properties, respectively also ductile iron, in particular to increase the hardness of HB and tensile strength Rm, respectively deterioration in RG maturity and relative hardness. These features increase the cost of mechanical machining of castings. The increased brittleness of the castings was also confirmed. The cause of these negative mechanical and physical properties is most often referred to as the increased nitrogen content of the steel and hence also of the cast iron produced. In addition to the basic quality indicators determined by mechanical properties (Rm, HB), other technological properties were observed, in particular the tendency to create a chill wedge, dispersion of hardness HB when changing the wall thickness of the casting and the tendency to create shrinkages. These properties - the quality of the synthetic gray iron without and after titanium alloying was verified by melts of approximately the same chemical composition.

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DOI resolver: doi.org/10.5593/sgem2019/4.1/s18.091

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