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STRENGTHENING TECHNIQUES FOR HISTORICAL MASONRY STRUCTURES: A REVIEW
Abstract
A significant part of the built environment and historical architectural heritage in the EU consists of masonry structures. These old structures often undergo severe decay, reaching a critical state of deterioration and becoming highly susceptible to natural disasters, especially in earthquake-prone areas. Some of the structures hold architectural and historical value. Modernizing, repairing, and reusing the existing built environment, alongside efforts in extending its service lifespan, are among the most effective key strategies for mitigating greenhouse gas emissions within the construction sector. Therefore, the restoration of the existing masonry buildings is of great importance for ensuring both architectural and cultural sustainability, while their conservation, repair, and modernization represent a significant challenge for the construction sector. Through a comprehensive literature review, both traditional and modern techniques for strengthening historical masonry structures are identified. These different methods are discussed with an emphasis on the sustainability of the interventions. A focus is given to the use of Textile Reinforced Mortars (TRM), an advanced composite material that consists of high-performance fiber meshes or textile materials embedded in an inorganic matrix. In particular, this review examines the use of lime-based (NHL) plasters reinforced with basalt fibers. Conclusions are drawn regarding the current state of the art and prospective future developments in the field.
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