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THE INFLUENCE OF THE INCREASED TONNAGE UPON THE SUPERSTRUCTURE OF FOREST ROADS
Abstract
The forest road network administered by the National Forest Administration - Romsilva, with a total length of 26,500 km, was built, in the most part, between 1965-1990, when the forest railways were transformed in forest roads. Simultaneously with the extension of the forest roads network, the car transport there was imposed in the forestry sector, having both technical and economic advantages. Due to the special technical development, the transport vehicles have undergone a rapid modernization, which has led to the increase of the maximum authorized permissible load from 2.5 tons in 1962 to over 46.5 tons in 2018 (the equivalent of 60 tons total mass). Although the payload of vehicles used in wood transport has experienced an exponential increase, the technical parameters of forestry roads have not changed significantly, with the entire forestry network being designed for a total maximum allowable load of 24 tonnes (38 tonnes for roads built after 2015). The purpose of the research was to quantify the degradations produces in the superstructure of the forest roads due to the fact that the wood transportation is carried out with vehicles at which the total mass exceeding the maximum allowed load on the forest road network. The research was conducted over a period of 5 years, during which both the traffic on the forest roads and the degradations produced were monitored. It has been found that over 78% of the transported volume was carried out with vehicles which did not respect the maximum allowable tonnage on forest roads. This leads to a qualitative decline in the forest road network, but also to a significant increase in the cost of managing it.
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