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USABILITY OF SELECTED COMPACTED SOLID BIOFUELS
Abstract
Biomass as fuel is processed to make it comfortable for use for energy purposes. Solid compacted biofuels are produced based on sawdust wood or clean wood waste. Their quality is dependent on density, moisture content and chemical composition. The aim of the study was to evaluate the usability of selected compacted fuels (briquettes). This assessment was made upon the basis of a developed total quality index. Compacted biofuels are the products which depend on general market laws and their commercial characteristics are inseparable from their quality. The commercial properties include: degree of conformity to the standard and specified requirements, purchase cost, terms of sales (certificates, delivery methods, packaging). These features are important by the customer's point of view. The producers must take into account the profits and the market competition which often results in a reduction in technological quality. The research included tests of the briquettes available on the Polish market. The briquettes were obtained from different manufacturers and were made of different types of biomass and were of different shapes. Briquettes were evaluated in the area of their durability, density, calorific value, moisture content and ash content. The tests were carried out in accordance to the relevant EN standards. For the needs of the elaboration a synthetic quality index was developed and then it was used for the evaluation of the briquettes useable quality. The tested biofuels appeared different in the examined areas. The differences had a significant impact on their aggregate assessment. The main criterions that lowered the value of the assessment were the ash content and durability. It should be noted that some of the briquettes did not meet the standards.
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