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HISTORICAL MAPPING OF LANDSCAPES AND GIS TECHNOLOGIES
Abstract
Historical mapping of landscapes shows the characteristics of the relationship between man and landscape in certain chronosections and gives the opportunity to analyze and reconstruct the dynamics of nature management, environmental situations and the anthropogenic evolution of landscapes. An analysis of the development of the relationship between man and specific landscapes, studies of the dynamics of nature management of the old habitable territories are currently impossible without landscape-historical mapping with the use of GIS technologies. The use of GIS technology allows you to simulate the dynamics of the human-landscape interaction in a specific territory of a particular region. This is achieved by displaying changes in settlement systems and environmental management systems against the background of landscape conditions characteristic of the reflected period. The main subjects of such research are not only natural landscape or natural-anthropogenic complexes, but also landscape-economic systems and landscape-historical complexes, reflecting the economic or spiritual activity of man in specific landscape conditions in specific historical periods. These key areas for research are justified by the historical value and significance of the territory, the diversity of natural conditions and the presence of an almost complete set of landscape complexes of different hierarchical levels characteristic of the forest zone of the Russian Plain. The work was carried out at several hierarchical levels: local level for key areas, and regional level for the forest areas of the Russian Plain. A series of landscape-historical maps were compiled, including the actual landscape maps, maps of landscape-economic systems, of nature management, and of settlement systems.
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