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INTRODUCTION OF TITANIUM MINERALS; MINERAL AND METALURGICAL PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY
Abstract
Titanium; the ninth mose abundant element, occurs in nature mainly as ilmenite (95\%) and rutile (5\%). Ilmenite is an economically important mineral. Ilmenite forms as a primary mineral in mafic igneous rocks and is concentrated into layers by a process called “magmatic segregation”. It crystallises out of magma relatively early before most of the other minerals. As a result, the heavier crystals of ilmenite fall to the bottom of the magma chamber and collect in layers. It is these layers that constitute a rich ore body for titanium miners. The major active sources of rutile are Australia, Sierra Leone, Africa and India. The world production of rutile is currently estimated to be over 450.000 short sons annually, while the world production of ilmenite is on the order of 3.600.000 short tones annually. Sakarya- Karasu beach sand, mineralogical investigations and XRD analysis revealed that the representative sample contained ilmenite, hematite, and rutile as main mineral quartz, biotite and tourmaline as gangue minerals. As a result of chemical and mineralogical analyses, composition of the sample was determined as 30-35\% ilmenite, 10-20\% hematite, 20\% quartz and 16\% others including rutile, zircon, mica and groana.
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References18
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