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STUDY ON CROP SUITABILITY AND AGRICULTURAL LAND EVALUATION USING THE GIS TECHNOLOGY
Abstract
Our research reveals the importance of GIS technology for land evaluation. The research was conducted on a piece of land of about 770 ha in Romania, which enjoys a diversity of natural factors. Land suitability evaluation, especially given limited land resources, is an important stage in the assessment of its ecological state and for land use planning. The main goal of this evaluation is to estimate the possibilities of maintaining the optimal natural potential of the soil in the process of a certain mode of use over a long period of time. Based on the analysis of the contribution of the various land favorability parameters, we assessed the Agricultural Land Suitability Index and the findings are grouped into five classes of suitability: very good, good, moderate, medium and poor. This classification was made by superimposing several layers of information in a Geographic Information System - GIS. The research described in this paper relies on field data acquisition using a GPS and drone, and on data collected from databases of various institutions. The data were processed using ArcGIS software. This land evaluation action/activity allows one to determine the relative value of a piece of land. The GIS technique may be used to easily compile a database (attribute and graphics) for a large territory and for a very wide range of agricultural crops, respectively. These analyses allow determining the most appropriate uses and crops in terms of profitability, as they may reveal crop yield and economic efficiency on a regular basis. According to this paper, GIS analysis allows the practical interpretation of the natural characteristics of the studied soil in terms of both actual evaluation and technological soil characterization.
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