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METHOD FOR HYDROLOGICAL PARAMETERS DEFINITION OF SILTING PRISM AND EQUILIBRIUM BED IN WATER RESERVOIRS
Abstract
The current climate change, demographic problems and unequal territorial and seasonal distribution of fresh water supplies lead to a sharp expansion of the reservoir network. Subsequently, the negatives associated with the process are increasing: flooding of lands and infrastructure, impacts on climate, change of underground water regime, activation of landslide processes and rising population security risks. During designing of water reservoirs, they were not investigated and taken into consideration. The rational direction for creating of such method is analyzing of existing empirical connections between flow rate (V), sediment diameter (d) and inclination of river bed (I) in natural, real environment and adjust existing calculations. Most of this mathematical expression are based on the results of laboratory surveys, so the coefficients and the hydrophobic characteristics of the river bed that used there, gives incompatible errors. Due to these circumstances, it is necessary their correction by control measurements directly on the rivers and existing reservoirs. For this purpose, the series of measurements were fulfilled on the different types of rivers with variable water content. By their results, it was possible to create an expression of equilibrium bed's inclination, developed on the silting prism by using of natural experiments and measurements data-sets on the reservoirs' tributaries.
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