Scholarly record
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF DOLOMITE-CATALYZED STEAM REFORMING AND WATER-GAS SHIFT REACTIONS IN BIOMASS GASIFICATION
Abstract
Energy remains a key driver of human development and economic growth. The projected increase in the global population to 8.5 billion by 2030 will intensify energy demand and dependence on fossil fuels, the main source of CO2 emissions. This highlights the urgent need for renewable and sustainable energy solutions. Hydrogen is considered a promising clean energy carrier; however, most hydrogen is still produced from natural gas via steam reforming, releasing significant amounts of CO2. Growing attention is therefore focused on green hydrogen production from biomass and waste gases. This study investigates the use of natural dolomite as a catalyst for steam reforming and the water-gas shift (WGS) reaction under real biomass gasification conditions. Experiments were carried out in an atmospheric bubbling fluidized bed gasifier using wood chips and an air-steam. A catalytic filter heated to 500, 600 and 700 degree Celisus contained 1500 g of calcined dolomite activated at 850 degree Celsius. Gas composition was analyzed before and after the catalytic filter using GC-FID and a modified Tar Protocol. The results demonstrate that dolomite effectively promotes hydrogen and CO2 formation while reducing CO concentration, confirming WGS activity. Increasing temperature enhanced hydrogen yield, and steam reforming led to a substantial reduction of tar components. Acetylene content decreased by more than 80 %, indicating efficient conversion of hydrocarbons. Overall, dolomite shows strong potential as a natural, low-cost catalyst for hydrogen production and tar reforming in biomass gasification systems.
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