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INFLUENCE OF CLIMATIC FACTORS ON HIGH WATER LEVEL OF RIVERS OF THE CENTRAL PART OF THE WEST SIBERIAN PLAIN
Abstract
The flood time of Siberian Rivers coincides with the spring and summer period and is characterised by intensive water feeding because of intensive snow melting. At all that, the most annual water discharge is formed, the latter, by turn, causes erosion processes. In addition, in years with excessive amount of flood water, the inhabitants suffer economic losses very much: E.g., economic activity areas are flooded, engineering structures are washed away and damaged. A number of factors form high water level such as geomorphologic, biologic (vegetation), climatic ones which, by turn, become stronger, by influence of the anthropogenic factor. Climatic ones influencing high water level by example of the river Ob were analysed. These are air temperature, soil temperature, precipitation, evaporation level, because snow reserves determine volume of high water, air temperature influences snow melting intensity, in addition, soil temperature and isolated permafrost areas occurrence influence high water level respectively. The revealing of hydrological and climatic specialities of the studied area enables to evaluate the environmental changeability and determine a number of the regional patterns of water balance constituents.
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