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SANITARY AND HYGENIC ASSESSMENT OF THE WETLAND LA TEMBLADERA (ECUADOR)
Abstract
The present paper aims to assess the microbiological water quality of the wetland La Tembladera?, Ecuador. The object of study is located in the southwestern Ecuador, canton Santa Rosa, in the province El Oro. Microbiological analyses included the determination of the sanitary-indicative microorganisms? number, such as total bacterial count, bacteria Escherichia coli, ?lostridium, actinomycetes and micromycetes. Water samples were collected two times per week during dry tropical season at three points with different levels of anthropogenic load. The coastal area, contaminated with household wastewater, the water near the boat dock and the central part of the wetland were analyzed. The total bacterial number and the number of micromycetes using PCA medium and Chapek-Dox medium were identified. Bacteria Escherichia coli were determined by membrane filters method, the gram stain was made from lactose-positive colonies and an oxidase test was used. The Omelyansky medium was used to identify clostridia and ammonium starch agar to detect actinomycetes. A high abundance of Escherichia coli and clostridium was found in the water at all studied sites. This indicates the presence of permanent fecal contamination. The total bacterial number was within normal limits. This study revealed that, the water quality of the Ecuadorian wetland La Tembladera can be assessed as unsatisfactory for drinking purposes for the population of the canton Santa Rosa.
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