Scholarly record
UAS-BASED MONITORING AND MULTI-TEMPORAL ANALYSIS OF SHORELINE DYNAMICS IN THE KAVATSI?? BEACH SECTOR (1980S-2025), SOUTHERN BULGARIAN BLACK SEA COAST
Abstract
This study investigates shoreline dynamics and morphodynamic variability along the Kavatsi coastal sector (Southern Bulgarian Black Sea coast) through a multi-temporal analysis spanning the 1980s to 2025. By integrating legacy topographic maps, aerial orthophotos, and recent high-resolution Unmanned Aerial System (UAS) photogrammetry (2020-2025), five representative beach-dune systems were assessed: Kavatsite-North, Kavatsite-South, Smokini-North, Smokini-South, and Camping Veselie Beach. UAS-derived orthophotomosaics (3 cm/pixel) and Digital Surface Models (6-60 cm/pixel) were generated using DJI Phantom 4 RTK and WingtraOne drones, supported by RTK-GNSS ground control. Shoreline positions were digitized and analyzed using the Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS v5.0) along 96 transects spaced at 20 m intervals. Results from the 2020-2025 period indicate a predominantly accretional trend, with 77.1% of transects advancing. The mean Net Shoreline Movement (NSM) for the entire sector was +5.48 m, and the mean End Point Rate (EPR) was +0.15 m/yr. Camping Veselie Beach exhibited the highest accretion (+17.25 m NSM; +0.31 m/yr EPR), while Smokini South recorded the most severe erosion (-12.14 m NSM). Kavatsite North was the most stable subunit, with 100% of transects advancing. These findings underscore the spatial heterogeneity of shoreline dynamics, shaped by geomorphological conditions and human impact. The study confirms the utility of UAS photogrammetry for high-resolution coastal monitoring and supports its role in data-driven shoreline management and conservation efforts along the Bulgarian Black Sea coast.
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References19
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