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MULTILEVEL OBSERVATIONS TO MONITOR TAILINGS STORAGE FACILITIES
Abstract
The paper demonstrates relevance of diagnostics and monitoring of tailings as collectors of liquid mining wastes. The author has been an initiator and supervisor of the development of the methodological bases of combining multilevel observations to monitor hydraulic structures of tailings of mining enterprises. Monitoring observations are carried out at four levels: satellite, aerial, surface and subsurface (underground). The satellite level includes GPS geodesy, processing and analysis of optical and radar images. The aerial level is based on different types of aerial photography. The surface level is based on geodetic measurements, laser and radar scanning and the underground level includes hydrological measurements, seismic tomography and GPR sounding. This made it possible to solve multiscale monitoring tasks, starting from components of hydraulic structures (meters) to a tailing facility as a whole (tens of square kilometres). An important addition to the combining multilevel observations is the application of digital processing technologies, construction of 3D models and hydro-geomechanical modeling. Monitoring of the tailings on the basis of multilevel observations has been implemented at the major mining enterprises of the Kola Peninsula. The purpose of this article is the scientific substantiation of methodological foundations of multilevel observation integration for the purposes of monitoring of hydraulic structures of tailings. The research results are the implementation of the tailings monitoring on the basis of multilevel observations at the major mining enterprises of the Kola Peninsula. The paper gives a practical example of implementation of a monitoring methodology based on multilevel observations to reveal the mechanism of formation of potentially dangerous filtration-deformation processes in tailings dams. The hydro-geomechanical computer modeling was aimed at solving the tasks of assessing the stability of protecting dams in the medium term.
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References15
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