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USING HISTORICAL MAPS IN GIS TO STUDY LOCAL HISTORY (BERDYANSK FORESTRY MAPS AS AN EXAMPLE)

Alla Krylova, S. I. Pachev, Larysa Poliakova, Natalia Schkoda, K. O. Zhiryakov

Abstract

Schools and universities of independent Ukraine are constantly developing the technique and skills of using visual teaching computer methods. Important, in this sense, is the use of GIS in various fields of knowledge. At the moment, a significant number of academic disciplines in Ukraine relate to the use of GIS technologies not only in geography, but also in other areas, such as architecture, ecology, etc. Such academic disciplines as ?Historical Informatics? and ?Geoinformation Systems? are included in the curricula of Ukrainian universities. But a review of the programs of these courses suggests that the main emphasis is on the general points of using digital technologies in research or the teaching process. At the same time, very little attention is paid to the methodological component of geoinformatics and teaching methods using historical maps in GIS (HMG). In historical courses at schools and universities, it would be useful for teachers to strengthen the use of HMG to develop key academic competencies. The use of HMG in local history courses in Ukraine is particularly interesting. The fact is that primary historical sources (statistical, cartographic, etc.) come to the forefront when studying local territorial units. Their visualization can be a method of teaching students and pupils. It is important to compare and generalize the experience of historians in terms of the use of HMG in research and teaching of local history. The use of Ukrainian and foreign experience and acquired skills in general will improve the system of teaching local history at universities and schools in Ukraine. The methods of teaching with the help of HMG can be applied in the process of educational work with children in various children's educational institutions, on excursions in local history museums. The study will be the basis of a new method of teaching history with the help of HMG for a wide target audience of schoolchildren and students of the city of Melitopol, as well as school teachers and university professors in order to increase their qualifications. The project is in close connection with our historical studies of the territory of Northen Priazovie. We have at our disposal a large database of historical sources. We are conducting research on the development of afforestation in the Northern Azov region until 1917. Based on archival documents, the process of afforestation in the Berdyansk forestry in the 19th - early 20th century is analyzed. Berdyansk forestry was founded in the 40s of the 19th century with the aim of afforestation, studying the optimal species of trees and shrubs for the steppe region, as well as preparing foresters. We study the changes of the name of Berdyansk forestry, the composition of its branches (dachas) and area, the composition of workers and the diversity of tree species. A significant amount of material is devoted to private issues (water supply, pest control, etc.). Afforestation plans in the region make it possible to map forest areas, which shows the changes that occurred in the pre-revolutionary period. It is planned to make the created maps of the Berdyansk forestry the basis in the process of developing and publishing the scientific and methodological manual ?Using historical maps in GIS in the course of local history?.

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DOI resolver: doi.org/10.5593/sgem2020/2.2/s11.055

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