Scholarly record

MACROMYCETES SPECTRUM UNDER CONDITIONS OF FOREST STANDS OF PROSISKO NATURE RESERVE (SLOVAK REPUBLIC)

Dr. Martin Pavlik, Ph.D., Prof. Dr. Jaroslav Kmet, Ph.D.

Abstract

Protected natural areas are ideal for monitoring relatively undisturbed natural development of both inorganic and organic parts of ecosystem. The stock-taking of species occurring in the nature reserve is not only crucial to maintain the function of natural reserve, but also to monitor the development of species spectrum, as well as the diversity and succession under conditions relatively undisturbed by anthropogenic factors. Prosisko nature reserve was established in 1998 in order to protect forest ecosystems with concentrated occurrence of a preglacial relict пїЅ MagicпїЅs barren strawberry (Waldsteinia ternata ssp. magicii). The Nature reserve spreads from the western to north-western slopes of Prosisko peak (463 metres above the sea level), in the western part of Zvolenska Slatina rural area. The highest level of protection prohibits any invasion of disturbance of the abiotic or biotic part of the ecosystem. Fungi, being the natural and irreplaceable part of nature, are very sensitive to ecological changes, which makes the nature reserves ideal for monitoring the changes in fungus species spectrum following the changes in growing conditions and changes in forest ecosystem; thus making the evaluation of relationship between the condition of forest stand and species diversity of macromycetes the aim of this research. Prosisko nature reserve spreads over the area of 20.80 ha and is almost completely covered by forest stand (compartment no. 124) of the Forest user unit of Zvolenska Slatina (20.54 ha), with the average age of 110 years, mostly consisting of the second generation sessile oak (85%), common hornbeam (15%), with rare occurrence of lime, sycamore, Norway maple, English oak and wild cherry trees. The research was conducted on four research plots of 50x50m, which were situated to represent different combinations of growing conditions on the Nature reserve area. The aim of this research is to monitor the occurrence of macromycetes in the area of Prosisko nature reserve, document the fungi species and their quantity in each of the research plots and to evaluate the number of ectomycorrhizal fungi species with the saprophytic and parasitic ones. An important part of the research is the evaluation of the forest stand condition based on defoliation, trunk and crown damage within the area of research. The acquired data is a very important part of the complex information about the condition of the nature reserveпїЅs biotic part, while it can also be used as an objective basis for evaluation of stability and prognosis of development of forest stands in this area. Based on the results of macromycetes research, it is possible to state low values of пїЅmycorrhizal percentageпїЅ, therefore markedly lower number of ectomycorrhizal fungi species. Relatively high levels of oak defoliation combined with low levels of mycorrhizal percentage are the signs of significant damage, which can be classified as acute to lethal, thus making these conditions borderline unviable for ectomycorrhizal fungi as well as the actual trees of this area.

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DOI resolver: doi.org/10.5593/sgem2017/32/s14.115

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