Scholarly record
ADAPTIVE FEATURES OF DIGITAL ORTHORECTIFICATION
Abstract
Orthorectification is main and specific photogrammetric task. Digital technologies allow generation of precise orthoimages, whic h are obtaining the pixel accuracy. The realization of this process requires usage of precise and adequate object model that is generated by usage of different data sources. They include irregular set of points created by survey measurements, digitized cartographic data, raster DEM obtained from stereo pairs, or from points’ cloud gathered by laser scanning. The main steps of orthorectification are discussed that include georeferencing, orthorectification and mosаicing of images. Georeferencing ensures connection between image coordinates of points and corresponding co-ordinates of georeferenced control points. This allows calculating the parame ters for geometric transformation depending on the used model. The preliminary step is generation of digital elevation model. The complex model contains the vector data of break lines in object and data sets for every one facets of the model. Automatic DEM ex traction from stereo pairs requires the definition of properties of areas for which the model is generated. The orthorectification step is controlled by the transformation pa rameters, the used object model and is taking in consideration the hidden parts of the object. The quality of rectified image depends also on the method for grey level interpola tion of adjacent pixels. The mosaic forming requires correct segmentation of images and adequate combination the subparts of the images. Important meaning has the method of defi nition the cutting line between adjacent images, radiometric corrections of mo saic parts and pixel level interpolation in the strip of connection. The control of orthorectification process coul d be realized by inte ractive definition of methods and parameters of georeferencing, rectification and mosaicing. The selection of parameters could be done automatically on th e basis of formulation the object type, the definition of model restrictions and taking into account the image properties obtained by image analyses. The artific ial intelligence principles could be applied for implementation the generation of object model and the orthorectification process.
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