Scholarly record
INVESTIGATION OF ORGANIC WASTES CONVERSION INTO USEFUL ENERGY RESOURCES USING PYROLYSIS PROCESS
Abstract
The depletion of fossil fuels is a major concern for the world because of the demand for energy that has increased rapidly with population growth and urbanization. For sustainable development, energy producing industries are trying to find suitable substitutes for petroleum fuel that are environmentally friendly and economically feasible. Biomass ,such as bio-oil and biochar production, could be a possible alternative energy source. Production of biochar and bio-oil from chicken manure(CM) by the pyrolysis process could be a robust approach for organic waste recycling. In this work, experiments were conducted to examine the effect of pyrolysis temperature on the quality of chicken manure biochar (CMB) and to identify the optimal pyrolysis temperature for the conversion of CM into biochar. As the maximum pyrolysis temperature gradually increased from 350 to 650OC, the biochar yield, total nitrogen content in biochar, organic carbon (OC) content, and cation exchange capacity (CEC) of the produced biochar decreased ,while the pH value, ash content and BET surface area of the biochar increased. The generated biochar showed yields of 44.87-61.15% reported to raw material mass, organic carbon of 320-370 g/kg, pH value of 9.4-11.7, BET surface area of 2.65-6.35 m2/g and CEC of 50.21- 31.45 cmolc/kg. The maximum transformation of organic carbon from CM to biochar occurred at 550 OC, however 80.5% of N contained in CM was lost to volatile compounds at this temperature. To produce CMB for use as fertilizer, a temperature value of 350 OC should be selected in pyrolysis process while for environmental applications, 550OC is a suitable temperature value. The obtained results suggest that chicken manure could be used as potential feedstocks for slow pyrolysis process to produce high-value products useful as energy resources.
Publication Impact Profile
- Captures
- Mendeley - Readers: 5
Publication details
References17
Demirbas A., Biomass resource facilities and biomass conversion processing for fuels and chemicals, Energy Convers. Manage.,2001, 42pp 1357�1378. DOI: 10.1016/s0196-8904(00)00137-0
Kyakuwaire, M., Olupot, G., Amoding, A., Nkedi-Kizza, P., Basamba, T.A.,. How safe is chicken litter for land application as an organic fertilizer? A review. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2019, 16(19), 3521 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16193521
Kim S.S., Agblevor F.A., Lim J., Fast pyrolysis of chicken litter and turkey litter in a fluidized bed reactor, J. Ind. Eng. Chem.,2009, 15,pp 247�252. DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2008.10.004
Chan K.Y., van Zwieten L., Meszaros I.,Downie A., Joseph S., Agronomic values of green waste biochar as a soil amendment, Aust. J. Soil Res.,2007, 45,pp629�634. DOI: 10.1071/sr07109
Mohan D., Pittman C.U.,Steele P.H., Pyrolysis of wood/biomass for bio-oil: a critical review, Energy Fuels,2006,20,pp 848�889. DOI: 10.1021/ef0502397
A. van der Drift, H. Boerrigter, Synthesis Gas from Biomass for Fuels and Chemicals,ECN-report: ECN-C-06-001, Energy Research Center of the Netherlands, Petten, The Netherlands, 2006.
Sharpe R.R., Schomberg H.H., Harper L.A., Endale et al., Ammonia volatilization from surface-applied poultry litter under conservation tillage management practices,J.Environ.Qual.,2004,33,pp. 1183�1188. DOI: 10.2134/jeq2004.1183
Demirbas A.,Biofuels from agricultural residues,EnergySources A.,2008,101�109.
Verheijen F.,Jeffery S.,Bastos A.C.,van der Velde M., Diafas I., Biochar Application to Soils, EUR 24099 EN, Office for the Official Publications of the European Communities, Luxembourg, 2009.
Novak J.M.,Busscher W.J.,Laird D.A.,Ahmedna M.,Watts D.W., Niandou M., Impact of biochar amendment on fertility of a southeastern Coastal Plain soil,Soil Sci., 2009, 174,pp. 105�112. DOI: 10.1097/ss.0b013e3181981d9a
Laird D.A.,Brown R.C.,Amonette J.E.,Lehmann J., Review of the pyrolysis platform for coproducing bio-oil and biochar, Biofuels Bioprod. Bioref.,2009, 3,pp.547�562. DOI: 10.1002/bbb.169
Schumacher B.A., Methods for the Determination of Total Organic Carbon (TOC) in Soils and Sediments, NCEA-C-1282,U.S.Environmental Protection Agency,National Exposure Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, 2002.
Boehm H.P., Some aspects of the surface chemistry of carbon blacks and other carbons, Carbon 1994, 32,pp759�769. DOI: 10.1016/0008-6223(94)90031-0
Nanda, S., Azargohar, R., Kozinski, J. A., Dalai, A. K., Characteristic studies on the pyrolysis products from hydrolyzed Canadian lignocellulosic feedstocks. BioEnergy Research, 2014,7(1), 174-191. DOI: 10.1007/s12155-013-9359-7
Hansen, S., Mirkouei, A., Diaz, L. A., A comprehensive state-of-technology review for upgrading bio-oil to renewable or blended hydrocarbon fuels. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 2020,118, 109548. DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2019.109548
Yaashikaa, P. R., Kumar, P. S., Varjani, S. J., Saravanan, A. (2019). Advances in production and application of biochar from lignocellulosic feedstocks for remediation of environmental pollutants. Bioresource technology, 292, 122030. DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122030
Zhang, B., Feng, H., He, Z., Wang, S., Chen, H. (2018). Bio-oil production from hydrothermal liquefaction of ultrasonic pre-treated Spirulina platensis. Energy Conversion and Management, 159, 204-212. DOI: 10.1016/j.enconman.2017.12.100
View or Download full articleAccess options
SWS access login
Login as SWS Scientific CommitteeLogin as SWS Scientific PartnerLogin as SWS AuthorAuthors and approved SWS contributors will read and export their own linked papers after identity matching by SWS profile, email and SGEM GlobalID.
For librarian assistance: [email protected]
Purchase Instant Access
- Article can be downloaded after successful payment.
- Article may be used according to SWS library access terms.
- Article cannot be redistributed.