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EU LEGISLATIVE SOLUTIONS REGARDING ENVIRONMENTAL RISK OF PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS
Abstract
Considering the fact that the production of 1 kg of output in the pharmaceutical sector has a higher environmental impact than the production of 1 kg of output in the chemical industry, this article examines the way in which the specific legislation of the EU regarding medicinal products is adapted to the legislative instruments for the assessment and control of the environmental risks posed by medicinal products for human use during their life cycle, from production and up to the end of their life cycle. The European Union is the second largest consumer of medicinal products for human use (24% of the world total), after the United States of America, while the consumption phase is considered to be the greatest factor contributing to the release of medicinal products to the environment, especially by way of excretions and the improper disposal of unused medicines through sinks and toilets. As the pollution of waters and soils with pharmaceutical residues is an emerging environmental problem, the article aims to present the legal measures taken at EU level to monitor and assess the risks posed by medicinal products for human use to the environment, including those that may affect public health.
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