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RESEARCH OF STRUCTURE UNITS DESIGNS FOR WOODFLOW ON THE RIVERS OF NORTH RUSSIA
Abstract
In the Russian Federation, according to the United Nations, the area covered by forest is 8.5 million km?. Due to the available sufficient reserves of forest resources, the enterprises of the timber industry complex have developed significantly. In the conditions of a modern competitive economy, for the purpose of their further development, timber industry enterprises are forced to maintain investment activity at a high level, to optimize technological processes and modernize production equipment. The article present the analysis of investment projects of the largest forest industry enterprises of the Arkhangelsk region of the Russian Federation (Arkhangelsk Pulp and Paper Mill JSC, Sawmill 25, CJSC). At the same time, factors to reduce the cost of raw materials for processing enterprises of the forest complex are considered, and a comparison of the types of round timber transportation is presented. The dynamics of timber supply is considered on the example of the enterprises of the Arkhangelsk region. In Russia, forest use is unsustainable. Currently, the estimated cutting area in the Arkhangelsk region is just over 20 million m3. At the same time, the volume of logging is only half of the calculated cutting area. The main reason for this is the underdevelopment of the road network necessary for the removal of harvested wood. This leads to the fact that the allocated logging fund is currently located geographically unevenly and to places where there are timber carrying roads. The road network needs to be expanded, but in modern economic conditions it is extremely difficult to do, therefore, where possible, it is necessary to develop the transportation of timber along natural transport arteries - rivers. At the same time, the method of rafting in timber transport units is the most economically viable. At present, small and medium-sized rivers are practically not used for timber rafting due to the small dimensions of the timber rafting. To include them in the logistics of transport processes, it is necessary to complement the existing technologies of rafting round timber. The article present the analysis of modern developments of rafting units suitable for rafting in conditions of limited dimensions of the wood-alloy course, examines the main scientific developments for determining the hydrodynamic and inertial characteristics of rafting and forest transport units, presents the results of mathematical planning and classical study of the hydrodynamic characteristics of rulers from flat rafting units.
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