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BIOGEOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF GRAPE GROWING SOILS AND THEIR SOIL-FORMING MATERIALS ON POST-ANCIENT AND MODERN VINEYARDS OF THE CRIMEAN PENINSULA
Abstract
A soil-forming material, its texture and geochemistry, is one of the main natural factors for a grape plant, which is used to develop deep roots over a long life cycle. A plant mostly receives a wide variety of chemical elements from parent rocks, which affect the plant's growth and yield. The purpose of the work was to determine the ampeloecological specific features of the soil-forming materials of the Crimean Peninsula for grape cultivation. Based on the soil survey and GIS analysis, we substantiated four main groups of the parent rock. A geochemical analysis for 18 chemical elements in the soil and rock has found a group of elements being in deficit, which may inhibit the activity of biological and soil processes. The result of the cluster analysis has shown that each study area is unique and has its own individual geochemical features. As for the content of major nutrient elements and trace elements, there were two distinctive groups represented by ancient and modern vineyards. It has been found out that in the modern territories the soils have an above-limit content of heavy metals ? 4 (Cu, Pb, V, As) out of 8 analysed, which can negatively affect the grape taste. The results of the study allow us to identify favourable territories for the cultivation of vineyards. One should take into account natural factors as much as possible in order to obtain the best yield and quality of grapes with minimum chemical fertilisers being introduced into the soil.
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