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NATURE AND STRUCTURE OF SATURN-S MAGNETIC FIELD
Abstract
The author developed a thermoelectrical model of Solar system planets? magnetic fields and calculated Saturn?s magnetic field with its help. Radially directed thermoelectrical currents of the electroconductive layers of the planet are the essence of that model. The movement of those currents are determined by the intensity if the magnetic field, which is caused by the planetary thermogradient, e.g. the difference of temperature between the planet center and its outer shells of the electroconductive layers. The calculations show that Saturn?s magnetic field consists of two autonomous magnetic fields: the main one, based on the thermoelectrical currents of the metallized core of the planet, and the additional one, generated by the thermoelectrical currents from the liquid metal hydrogen layer. It is shown that the flows of thermoelectrical currents of the core and liquid hydrogen are directed oppositely and their differential dipole field forms the magnetic fields, which orientation corresponds to the location of the Saturn geographical poles. The calculations also show that the thermoelectric model overcomes Cowling's theorem, which says that a magnetic field cannot exist if the geographical and magnetic axes of a planet are superposed. It can be concluded that the planetary thermoelectric model can be applied to Saturn, because that model reflects the real value of the planet?s magnetic field quite accurately. Furthermore, some elements of the thermoelectric model can be used to develop the magnetodynamo theory. The thermoelectric model is within the framework of physics law, does not require any specified conditions and is able to explain some particularities of the Earth?s magnetic field (inversion of magnetic poles, falls and rises of temperature on the planet, retaining of the toroidal field within the core borders, etc.).
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