Scholarly record
IMMOBILISATION OF HEAVY METALS IN FLY ASH-DIATOMITE MODIFIED MAGNESIA CEMENT COMPOSITE
Abstract
Every day, human activities generate large amounts of solid waste. To ensure the quality of the environment, waste must be further treated to prevent it from accumulation in landfills. In the case of materials that cannot be recycled or reused, such as municipal solid waste, burning in waste incineration plants to generate heat or electricity appears to be the appropriate solution of such waste disposal. However, combustion processes generate residues, such as bottom or fly ash, which must be stored. Fly ash generally contains heavy metals and other contaminants. If it is disposed in landfills, the contained substances may pollute the environment with dust, leach into the soil, and contaminate the groundwater. Therefore, it is important to find an alternative way to dispose fly ash, such as incorporation into building materials, which must provide sufficient and save immobilisation of heavy metals. The objective of the presented research was to utilize fly ash from waste incineration plant and diatomaceous earth in magnesia-based composites in the form of microfillers. The investigation focused on the determination of the material properties of the hardened composites with emphasis on the ability to immobilise heavy metals. Incorporation of fly ash and diatomaceous earth resulted in increased porosity and water absorption. The mechanical strength was also affected and reduced by the incorporation of both microfillers. On the other hand, the immobilisation test showed that the heavy metals contained in the fly ash were safely immobilised in the material and thus they are not able to be further released into the environment. In this way, hazardous waste can be safely treated and reused, and the amount of waste in landfills can be reduced.
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