Scholarly record

ANALYSIS OF THE FLOODS RISK IN A SECTOR FROM THE DANUBE DELTA USING GIS TECHNOLOGIES

Alexandru Bănescu

Abstract

River flash floods and floods are natural events, which are part of the normal regime of the water leakage of a fluvial organism. Depending on the generating causes, they have a different size and a certain frequency of occurrence in time. The target area of the present study is the Sireasa area in the Danube Delta. In that place, a breakage may occur any time in the defensive dam surrounding the enclosure. This is due to the phenomenon of settlement traveled over time, or due to the possibility of occurrence of the phenomenon of infiltration generated by the strong flash floods recorded on the Danube. In this context, the objective of this work is to carry out a study through which a detailed analysis of the flood conditions in the Sireasa sector from the Danube Delta will be presented. The main purpose is to highlight the water leakage in the case of the failure of the dam as a result of a strong flash flood with a significant duration. The results of this study contributed to establish the flow direction of the water during the strong floods period. The present work allows also setting some critical points in the water leakage of the target area by providing vital information for the three villages that are located inside the enclosure. These are based on the digital terrain model using GIS technologies and methods. Furthermore, flash floods can become disasters if the geodeclivity of the land is unfavorable and facilitates water leakage at a rapid rate causing serious economic effects, such as affecting the Agricultural Areas, as also serious effects on the socio-economic activities, buildings, infrastructure elements for localities exposed to floods risks. The exceptional rainfalls, in the upper and middle basins, are also likely to produce flash floods along the lower and middle course of the Danube. These phenomena mainly affect the settlements located along the Danube?s main arms. To a larger extent, the scientific and engineering communities are focused on developing computer models to calibrate the hydrological and environmental processes and actions. The availability of the landscape topography in digital formats, such as the digital terrain model (DTM), offers great potential of application. Finally, it can be highlighted that by improving the quality of the new DTM objects and of the new processing methodology leads to an increased use of the DTM in water resource analysis.

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DOI resolver: doi.org/10.5593/sgem2018/2.3/s11.039

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