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THE STUDY OF POLYMER COMPOSITES BASED ON POLYVINYLCHLORIDE FILM AND BIOPOLYMER FILLER
Abstract
Polyvinyl chloride пїЅ a synthetic polymer that has received widespread application as packaging material. Like any plastic, PVC does not decompose in the environment and usually recycled by burning or accumulating in landfills. Recycling of packaging materials is time-consuming and energy-consuming process, so because of that, it is necessary to explore ways of minimising the harm caused by use of plastic packaging on the environment: for example, degradation of the polymer in a natural way. One of possible options is the creation of biodegradable polymer composite while maintaining its performance properties. We have proposed polymeric composites based on industrial-manufactured PVC and biopolymer filler that will facilitate the biodegradation of polymer films in soil. As a biopolymer fillers were used: pectin, starch and polyhydroxybutyrate. The last one is a natural biopolymer, but its use restricts its high cost. This biopolymer fillers along with PVC formed polymer, which was obtained by rolling used as a simplified model of calendering. The obtained polymer composites were investigated by different methods: IR-spectroscopy, DSC, thermogravimetric analysis. With those investigations, the dependence of the parameters of the film from the mass concentration of the injected filler was identified. The ability of biodegradation of the polymer films has been shown by withstanding in a compost during 10,30, 45 and 90 days. That was followed by mechanical and thermal analyses, and optical microscopy which showed the change in the structure of the polymer material after incubation in compost. In addition, experiments were conducted on the bioassay method for determining impedance of conductometry.
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