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EFFECTS OF BIOMASS TYPE AND FERMENTATION TEMPERATURE ON METHANE AND ENERGY PRODUCTION
Abstract
Food industry generates high amounts of waste that can be valorized to produce energy by fermentation and conversion in biogas. This paper aimed to study the effects of biomass type (vegetal, animal and mix) and fermentation temperature (35, 40, 45 degrees Celsius) on methane concentration and energy production in a biogas plant in Suceava, Romania. An I-optimal mixture-process design was used for mathematical modelling of the data. The optimization of factors was performed by using desirability function and setting methane and energy production to be maximum. The results of methane concentration and energy production were fitted to the quadratic model for the mixture order and linear model for process order. Scheffe model was used as polynomial model for optimization. Both models were significant, with R2 > 0.99. The increase in biomass temperature resulted in higher methane concentration of the biogas. The type of raw material used for fermentation exhibited significant influence (p less than 0.05) on methane concentration and energy production. Each type of biomass has a different structure and nutrient content, which directly influences the bacteria responsible for biogas production. An optimal carbon/nitrogen ratio is crucial for efficient anaerobic digestion because an excess of carbon slows microbial growth and reduces biogas yield, while excess of nitrogen can result in ammonia accumulation, which is toxic to methanogenic bacteria. The optimal conditions revealed various combinations of factors, with desirability values between 0.71 and 0.89. This study contributes to the optimization of anaerobic digestion by applying an I-optimal mixture-process design, which has been underutilized in biogas research, providing more precise predictions for methane concentration and energy output.
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