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CONTAMINATION OF BIOLOGICAL MEDIA WITH AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS AS A FACTOR IN THE FORMATION OF COMORBID PATHOLOGY IN WOMEN OF FERTILE AGE
Abstract
Introduction. The Eastern region of the European part of Russia (Perms Krai) is characterized by the peculiarities of the wind regime, the presence of large highways and petrochemical enterprises. Aromatic hydrocarbons (AH) are highly prevalent in the environment and are found in emissions from vehicles and industrial plants. These substances belong to hormone-like xenobiotics, which are capable of making adjustments to the work of immune and hormonal regulation. Purpose of the work: analysis of the features and probable mechanism of the formation of comorbid pathology in women under conditions of contamination of biological media with aromatic hydrocarbons. Materials and methods. The observation group comprised 23 women (36.52 ± 0.48 years old) contaminated with aromatic hydrocarbons, the comparison group consisted of 22 women (37.26 ± 0.56 years) in whose biological media there is no aromatic hydrocarbon contamination. Women live in the east of the European part of Russia (Perm Krai), and the clinical status of women is characterized by the pathology of the reproductive sphere (endometriosis, leiomyoma, menstrual irregularities). The women of the observation group are represented by a region affected by emissions from major highways and petrochemical enterprises, under conditions of chronic aerogenic exposure to aromatic hydrocarbons. The level of blood contamination with aromatic hydrocarbons was studied, the expression of immune, hormonal and metabolic effect markers. Results and discussion. A comparative analysis of the structure and prevalence of morbidity in groups with a history of reproductive system pathology and various blood contamination with aromatic hydrocarbons revealed a predominance of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in contrast to the comparison group (2.3 times). For the observation group, a significant decrease in the frequency of blood mononuclears by 13% compared to the comparison group was revealed. Comparison of the level of sex hormone expression revealed its excess in the observation group (estradiol by 16%, DHEA by 7%, LH by 40%, FSH by 11%) relative to the comparison group. Comparative analysis of the blood lipid status allowed us to establish changes in the level of total cholesterol in the observation group (an increase of 2%), and significant differences in the expression of HDL (an increase of 23%) and leptin (a decrease of 2.3 times) were also revealed. Reliable cause-and-effect relationships were established (Spearman correlations) the level of mononuclears and leptin from blood contamination with toluene (r=-0.31; r=-0.36). Conclusion. The presence of increased blood contamination with aromatic hydrocarbons in the monitoring group was accompanied by a lower frequency of CVD prevalence, insignificant increase in expression levels of sex hormones due to hormone-like properties of AU, changes in markers of lipid and low levels of parameters associated with the development of CVD.
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